izindaba

1. I-brushed dc motor

Kumamotho abhulashwayo lokhu kwenziwa ngeswishi ejikelezayo kushafti yemoto ebizwa ngokuthi i-commutator.Iqukethe isilinda esizungezayo noma idiski ehlukaniswe yaba izingxenye eziningi zokuxhumana zensimbi ku-rotor.Izingxenye zixhunywe ku-conductor windings ku-rotor.Okuthintwayo okubili noma ngaphezulu okumile okubizwa ngokuthi amabhulashi, okwenziwe ngekhondatha ethambile njengegraphite, cindezela ku-commutator, okwenza ukuthintana kukagesi okuslayidayo ngamasegimenti alandelanayo njengoba i-rotor iphenduka.Amabhulashi anikezela ngokukhetha amandla kagesi kuma-windings.Njengoba i-rotor ijikeleza, u-commutator ukhetha ama-winding ahlukene futhi i-directional current isetshenziswa ekujikeni okunikiwe ukuze inkambu kazibuthe ye-rotor ihlale ingahambisani ne-stator futhi idale i-torque ohlangothini olulodwa.

2. Brushless dc motor

Kumamotho e-DC e-brushless, isistimu ye-servo ye-elekthronikhi ingena esikhundleni soxhumana nabo abayimishini.Inzwa ye-elekthronikhi ithola i-engeli ye-rotor bese ilawula ama-semiconductor switch afana nama-transistors ashintsha i-current kuma-windings, noma ahlehlise indlela yamanje noma, kwamanye ama-motor ayicishayo, nge-engeli efanele ukuze ama-electromagnets akhe i-torque eyodwa. isiqondiso.Ukuqedwa kokuxhumana okushelelayo kuvumela amamotho ama-brushless ukuthi abe nokungqubuzana okuncane nempilo ende;impilo yabo yokusebenza ilinganiselwe kuphela isikhathi sokuphila sama-bearings abo.

Amamotho e-DC abhurashiwe akha itorque ephezulu lapho emile, ehla ngomugqa njengoba isivinini sikhuphuka.Eminye imikhawulo yamamotho ama-brushed inganqotshwa ngama-motorless brushless;zihlanganisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nokuthinteka okuphansi kokugqoka kwemishini.Lezi zinzuzo ziza ngezindleko zama-elekthronikhi anamandla amancane, ayinkimbinkimbi, futhi abiza kakhulu.

Injini ejwayelekile ye-brushless inamazibuthe angunaphakade azungeza i-armature engaguquki, esusa izinkinga ezihlobene nokuxhuma okwamanje ku-armature ehambayo.Isilawuli se-elekthronikhi singena esikhundleni sokuhlangana kwe-commutator ye-brushed DC motor, elokhu ishintsha isigaba kuma-windings ukuze igcine injini iphenduka.Isilawuli senza ukusabalalisa kwamandla okunesikhathi okufanayo ngokusebenzisa isifunda sesifunda esiqinile kunesistimu yokuthutha.

Amamotho e-Brushless anikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kwamamotho e-DC abhulashiwe, okuhlanganisa i-torque ephezulu nesilinganiso sesisindo, ukwanda kokusebenza kahle okukhiqiza i-torque eyengeziwe nge-watt ngayinye, ukuthembeka okukhulayo, umsindo oncishisiwe, isikhathi eside sokuphila ngokuqeda ibhulashi nokuguguleka kwe-commutator, ukuqedwa kwezinhlansi ze-ionizing
i-commutator, kanye nokwehliswa okuphelele kokuphazanyiswa kwe-electromagnetic (EMI).Ngaphandle kwama-windings ku-rotor, azikho ngaphansi kwamandla e-centrifugal, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ama-windings asekelwa yizindlu, angakwazi ukupholisa ngokuqhutshwa, okungadingi ukugeleza komoya ngaphakathi kwe-motor ukupholisa.Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinto zangaphakathi zenjini zingavaleka ngokuphelele futhi zivikeleke ekungcoleni noma kwezinye izinto zangaphandle.

Ukuguqulwa kwemoto okungenantambo kungenziwa kusofthiwe kusetshenziswa isilawuli esincane, noma kungase kusetshenziswe kusetshenziswa amasekhethi e-analog noma edijithali.Ukuguquguquka ngezinto zikagesi esikhundleni samabhulashi kuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu namandla angatholakali kumamothoni e-DC axutshwe, okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa isivinini, ukusebenza kwe-microstepping yokulawula ukunyakaza okunganensa nokucolekileyo, kanye netorque yokubamba uma imile.Isoftware yesilawuli ingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo injini ethile esetshenziswa kuhlelo lokusebenza, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle okukhulu kokuhamba.

Amandla aphezulu angasetshenziswa kunjini ye-brushless akhawulwe cishe ngokushisa okukhethekile;[okucashuniwe] ukushisa okukhulu kwenza omazibuthe bube buthaka futhi kuzolimaza ukufakwa kwama-windings.

Lapho uguqula ugesi ube amandla emishini, ama-brushless motors asebenza kahle kakhulu kunama-brushed motor ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokungabikho kwamabhulashi, okunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla ngenxa yokungqubuzana.Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kukhulu kakhulu ezifundeni ezingalayishiwe nezinomthwalo ophansi wejika lokusebenza kwenjini.

Indawo kanye nezidingo lapho abakhiqizi basebenzisa khona amamotho e-DC ohlobo lwe-brushless zifaka phakathi ukusebenza okunganakekelwa, isivinini esikhulu, nokusebenza lapho izinhlansi ziyingozi (okungukuthi izindawo eziqhumayo) noma zingathinta okokusebenza okuzwelayo ku-elekthronikhi.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-brushless motor kufana ne-stepper motor, kodwa ama-motor anomehluko obalulekile ngenxa yomehluko ekusetshenzisweni nasekusebenzeni.Ngenkathi ama-stepper motors evame ukumiswa nge-rotor endaweni echaziwe ye-angular, i-brushless motor ngokuvamile ihloselwe ukukhiqiza ukujikeleza okuqhubekayo.Zombili izinhlobo zezimoto zingase zibe nenzwa yokuma kwe-rotor ngempendulo yangaphakathi.Kokubili i-stepper motor kanye ne-brushless motor eklanywe kahle ingabamba i-torque enomkhawulo ku-zero RPM.