izindaba

1. Okulindelwe ngenjini: ukunyakaza kokujikeleza
Injini ngokuvamile ibhekisela kunjini ethola amandla omshini emandleni kagesi, futhi ezimweni eziningi ibhekisela kunjini ethola ukunyakaza okujikelezayo. (Kukhona futhi nenjini eqondile ethola ukunyakaza okuqondile, kodwa sizokushiya lokho kulokhu.)

Ngakho-ke, hlobo luni lokujikeleza olufunayo? Ingabe ufuna ukuthi ijikeleze ngamandla njenge-drill, noma ufuna ukuthi ijikeleze kancane kodwa ngesivinini esiphezulu njengefeni kagesi? Ngokugxila emehluko wokunyakaza okufiswayo kokujikeleza, izici ezimbili zesivinini sokujikeleza kanye ne-torque ziba zibalulekile.

2. I-Torque
I-torque ingamandla okujikeleza. Iyunithi ye-torque yi-N·m, kodwa uma kuziwa ezinjini ezincane, i-mN·m ivame ukusetshenziswa.

Injini yaklanywa ngezindlela ezahlukene zokwandisa i-torque. Uma intambo kagesi ijika kakhulu, i-torque iba nkulu.
Ngenxa yokuthi inani lokugoba lilinganiselwe ngobukhulu bekhoyili elungisiwe, kusetshenziswa ucingo olune-enamel olunobubanzi obukhulu bentambo.
Uchungechunge lwethu lwezimoto ezingenamabhulashi (TEC) olune-16 mm, 20 mm kanye no-22 mm kanye no-24 mm, 28 mm, 36 mm, 42 mm, izinhlobo ezingu-8 zosayizi wobubanzi bangaphandle obungu-60 mm. Njengoba usayizi wekhoyili ukhula futhi ngobubanzi bemoto, kungatholakala i-torque ephezulu.
Amamagnethi anamandla asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-torque amakhulu ngaphandle kokushintsha usayizi wenjini. Amamagnethi e-Neodymium angamamagnethi ahlala njalo anamandla kakhulu, alandelwe amamagnethi e-samarium-cobalt. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe usebenzisa amamagnethi aqinile kuphela, amandla kazibuthe azophuma enjinini, futhi amandla kazibuthe avuzayo ngeke afake isandla ku-torque.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele amandla kazibuthe aqinile, kufakwe ipuleti lensimbi elincanyana elibizwa ngokuthi i-electromagnetic steel ukuze kuthuthukiswe isekethe kazibuthe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi amandla kazibuthe amagnethi e-samarium cobalt azinzile ezinguqukweni zokushisa, ukusetshenziswa kwamagnethi e-samarium cobalt kungaqhuba injini ngokuzinzile endaweni enezinguquko ezinkulu zokushisa noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu.

3. Isivinini (ukuguquka)
Inani lokuzungeza kwenjini livame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isivinini". Kungukusebenza kokuthi injini izungeza kangaki ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye. Nakuba i-"rpm" ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokuzungeza ngomzuzu, iphinde ivezwe ngokuthi "min-1" ohlelweni lwe-SI lwamayunithi.

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-torque, ukwandisa inani lokujika akunzima ngokobuchwepheshe. Mane unciphise inani lokujika kukhoyili ukuze wandise inani lokujika. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-torque incipha njengoba inani lokujika likhula, kubalulekile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-torque kanye ne-revolution.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma usebenzisa isivinini esikhulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-ball bearings kune-plain bearings. Uma isivinini siphezulu, kulapho ukulahleka kokumelana nokungqubuzana kukhulu, kulapho impilo yemoto iba mfushane khona.
Kuye ngokunemba kweshafti, lapho isivinini siphezulu, kulapho izinkinga ezihlobene nomsindo nokudlidliza ziba zinkulu khona. Ngenxa yokuthi injini engenamabhulashi ayinabhulashi noma i-commutator, ikhiqiza umsindo nokudlidliza okuncane kunenjini ebhulashiwe (ehlanganisa ibhulashi ne-commutator ejikelezayo).
Isinyathelo 3: Usayizi
Uma kukhulunywa ngenjini efanele, ubukhulu benjini bungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni. Ngisho noma ijubane (ukujikeleza) kanye ne-torque kwanele, akusizi ngalutho uma ingenakufakwa kumkhiqizo wokugcina.

Uma ufuna nje ukwandisa isivinini, unganciphisa inani lokujika kwentambo, noma ngabe inani lokujika lincane, kodwa ngaphandle kokuthi kune-torque encane, ngeke ijikeleze. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthola izindlela zokwandisa i-torque.

Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa omakethi abanamandla abangenhla, kubalulekile futhi ukwandisa i-duty cycle factor ye-winding. Besikhuluma ngokunciphisa inani le-wire winding ukuqinisekisa inani le-revolutions, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi i-wire iboshwe kancane.

Ngokusebenzisa izintambo ezijiyile esikhundleni sokunciphisa inani lama-windings, inani elikhulu lamandla kagesi lingageleza futhi i-torque ephezulu ingatholakala ngisho nangejubane elifanayo. I-space coefficient iyinkomba yokuthi intambo iboshwe kahle kangakanani. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwandisa inani lama-turns amancane noma kunciphisa inani lama-turns amakhulu, kuyisici esibalulekile ekutholeni i-torque.

Ngokuvamile, ukukhishwa kwenjini kuncike ezintweni ezimbili: insimbi (uzibuthe) kanye nethusi (ukugoqa).